Los jefes de Estado y de Gobierno de la Unión Europea acordaron este viernes fijar en un 55% su posición negociadora para la reducción de emisiones de efecto invernadero para el año 2030 respecto a los niveles de 1990, tras una maratoniana madrugada de negociaciones.
“Europa es líder en la lucha contra la crisis climática. Hemos decidido reducir nuestras emisiones de efecto invernadero al menos un 55 % para 2030”, escribió en Twitter el presidente del Consejo Europeo, Charles Michel.
Europe is the leader in the fight against climate change.
Los países deben negociar ahora este porcentaje con la Comisión Europea y el Parlamento Europeo antes de fijar el objetivo final.
Pese a que una mayoría de países era partidario de incrementar la ambición climática, la negociación se prolongó durante toda la madrugada del viernes por las reticencias de estados como Polonia, cuya economía es mucho más dependiente del carbón.
Junto a ella, otros como Hungría y República Checa han estado tradicionalmente entre los Estados miembros que demandan referencias a que no todos los países salen del mismo punto de partida y unos necesitan más apoyo -económico o de otro tipo- que otros para llevar a cabo esta transición.
La esperada decisión de los líderes, aún por detallar a nivel técnico, estaba ligada a que se desbloqueara el presupuesto y el fondo de recuperación, que incluyen herramientas y partidas que tendrán que utilizarse para alcanzar ese objetivo, como los 17.500 millones de euros previstos para el Fondo de Transición Justa.
El 55% acordado llega después de que la Comisión Europea haya pedido que el esfuerzo llegue a al menos el 55% y el Parlamento Europeo haya elevado esa ambición hasta el 60% respecto a los niveles de 1990, frente a la meta del 40% fijado actualmente.
Por su parte, las organizaciones ecologistas piden una reducción de “al menos 65%” en 2030.
Las tres instituciones comunitarias tendrán que negociar el documento final, cuyo resultado definitivo llegará después de que el Reino Unido haya anunciado su intención de recortar sus emisiones un 68% en 2030 y de que también hayan renovado o ampliado sus compromisos climáticos otros países como China, Corea del Sur, Japón o Sudáfrica.
La decisión de los líderes llega en vísperas de que el sábado se celebre un encuentro virtual para celebrar el quinto aniversario del Acuerdo de París para evitar que las temperaturas a final de siglo suban menos de 2°C e intentar limitar el calentamiento a 1,5°C en relación con los niveles preindustriales.
Ciudades que cuesta reconocer por la contaminación
Bangladeshi people make their move in polluted air environment in Dhaka on November 25,2019. Bangladesh, one of the most densely-populated countries in the world, has been struggling with air pollution for a long time, while Dhaka has continued ...
A woman sells rose petals on a bridge amid the heavy smog condition in Lahore on November 21, 2019. (Photo by Arif ALI / AFP) (Photo by ARIF ALI/AFP via Getty Images)
Birds sit on a ferris wheel amid heavy smog conditions in Lahore on November 21, 2019. (Photo by Arif ALI / AFP) (Photo by ARIF ALI/AFP via Getty Images)
NEW DELHI, INDIA- NOVEMBER 23: Smog engulfs the sky, many areas in the Delhi-National Capital Region recorded air quality in the very poor pollutant in New Delhi. (Photo by Qamar Sibtain /India Today Group/Getty Images)
NEW DELHI, INDIA - NOVEMBER 25: A view of the South Block engulfed in smog, at Central Secretariat, on November 25, 2019 in New Delhi, India. Pollution levels in Delhi-National Capital Region increased marginally on Tuesday, mainly due to slow w...
NEW DELHI, INDIA- NOVEMBER 23: Smog engulfs the sky, many areas in the Delhi-National Capital Region recorded air quality in the very poor pollutant in New Delhi. (Photo by Qamar Sibtain /India Today Group/Getty Images)
Buildings shrouded in smog, are pictured as Mexico's government ordered schools in and around Mexico City to be closed on Thursday due to elevated levels of pollution, in Mexico City, Mexico May 16, 2019. REUTERS/Henry Romero
Buildings shrouded in smog, are pictured as Mexico's government ordered schools in and around Mexico City to be closed on Thursday due to elevated levels of pollution, in Mexico City, Mexico May 16, 2019. REUTERS/Henry Romero
Smog is seen over central Madrid, Spain, December 28, 2016. REUTERS/Paul Hanna
MADRID, SPAIN - 2018/12/11: A man seen enjoying the view through smog of Madrid skyline, where air pollution reaching dangerous levels for human health by the very high concentration of nitrogen dioxide. (Photo by John Milner/SOPA Images/LightRo...
Paris: overview of the city from 'avenue d'Italie', in the 13th arrondissement (district). Overview of the city with its buildings, the skyscraper ' tour Montparnasse ' and the Eiffel Tower with a cloud of pollution over the Paris urban area. (P...
The heavy air pollution and smog, on January 4, 2019. View from the Monte dei Cappuccini on the capital of the Northern Italien region Piedmont Turin, on January 4, 2019. (Photo by Alexander Pohl/NurPhoto via Getty Images)
This picture taken on December 3, 2018 shows the parliament building surrounded by the smog covering Sofia as air pollution reaches "very unhealthy" level. (Photo by Dimitar DILKOFF / AFP) (Photo credit should read DIMITAR DILKOFF/AFP vi...
Smog over the Olivia Business Centre skyscrapers is seen in Gdansk, Poland on 8 November 2019 (Photo by Michal Fludra/NurPhoto via Getty Images)
KRAKOW, POLAND - 2018/12/13: Smog is seen above the residential areas.
Today, due to the high levels of air pollution above EU norms, the air quality index (AQI) of PM 2.5 is over 163. The city council introduced free public transport for safet...
Downtown Kyiv, Ukraine, October 25, 2019. The city's authorities persuade residents of clean air and misty weather, while the Air Quality Index (for particles PM 2.5) exceeds the norm 3-4 times in different parts of Kyiv. (Photo by Sergii Kharch...
Capital Pristina is covered in smog caused by ailing power plants, Kosovo, February 2, 2017. Picture taken February 2, 2017. REUTERS/Hazir Reka
St. Sava church is seen in smog during air pollution in Belgrade, Serbia, October 23, 2019. Picture taken October 23, 2019. REUTERS/Marko Djurica
Residental buildings are seen in smog during air pollution in Belgrade, Serbia, October 24, 2019. REUTERS/Marko Djurica
A man stops to take a picture of the Utah State Capitol (L) and buildings that are shrouded in smog in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. December 12, 2017. Sometimes during the winter, temperature inversions form in the Salt Lake Valley, when ...
Tall buildings are shrouded in smog in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. December 12, 2017. Sometimes during the winter, temperature inversions form in Salt Lake Valley, when the upper air temperature is warmer than the air on the valley floor...
A girl looks on National Monument (Monas) as smog covers the capital city of Jakarta, Indonesia, July 4, 2019. REUTERS/Willy Kurniawan
A general view of buildings as smog covers the capital city of Jakarta, Indonesia, July 29, 2019 in this photo taken by Antara Foto. Picture taken July 29, 2019 Antara Foto/Indrianto Eko Suwarso/ via REUTERS ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE WAS P...
A man walks amid smog as smoke rises from chimneys in Sukhbaatar district of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia January 31, 2019. Picture taken January 31, 2019. REUTERS/B. Rentsendorj
People walk amid smog in Sukhbaatar district of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia January 31, 2019. Picture taken January 31, 2019. REUTERS/B. Rentsendorj
People walk on a bridge in front of the financial district of Pudong, which is covered in smog, during a polluted day in Shanghai, China November 28, 2018. REUTERS/Aly Song TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
A man takes picture on a bridge in front of the financial district of Pudong covered in smog during a polluted day in Shanghai, China November 28, 2018. REUTERS/Aly Song
A man takes picture on a bridge in front of the financial district of Pudong covered in smog during a polluted day in Shanghai, China November 28, 2018. REUTERS/Aly Song
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Bangladeshi people make their move in polluted air environment in Dhaka on November 25,2019. Bangladesh, one of the most densely-populated countries in the world, has been struggling with air pollution for a long time, while Dhaka has continued ...
Bangladeshi people make their move in polluted air environment in Dhaka on November 25,2019. Bangladesh, one of the most densely-populated countries in the world, has been struggling with air pollution for a long time, while Dhaka has continued ...
A woman sells rose petals on a bridge amid the heavy smog condition in Lahore on November 21, 2019. (Photo by Arif ALI / AFP) (Photo by ARIF ALI/AFP via Getty Images)
Birds sit on a ferris wheel amid heavy smog conditions in Lahore on November 21, 2019. (Photo by Arif ALI / AFP) (Photo by ARIF ALI/AFP via Getty Images)
NEW DELHI, INDIA- NOVEMBER 23: Smog engulfs the sky, many areas in the Delhi-National Capital Region recorded air quality in the very poor pollutant in New Delhi. (Photo by Qamar Sibtain /India Today Group/Getty Images)
NEW DELHI, INDIA - NOVEMBER 25: A view of the South Block engulfed in smog, at Central Secretariat, on November 25, 2019 in New Delhi, India. Pollution levels in Delhi-National Capital Region increased marginally on Tuesday, mainly due to slow w...
NEW DELHI, INDIA- NOVEMBER 23: Smog engulfs the sky, many areas in the Delhi-National Capital Region recorded air quality in the very poor pollutant in New Delhi. (Photo by Qamar Sibtain /India Today Group/Getty Images)
Buildings shrouded in smog, are pictured as Mexico's government ordered schools in and around Mexico City to be closed on Thursday due to elevated levels of pollution, in Mexico City, Mexico May 16, 2019. REUTERS/Henry Romero
Buildings shrouded in smog, are pictured as Mexico's government ordered schools in and around Mexico City to be closed on Thursday due to elevated levels of pollution, in Mexico City, Mexico May 16, 2019. REUTERS/Henry Romero
MADRID, SPAIN - 2018/12/11: A man seen enjoying the view through smog of Madrid skyline, where air pollution reaching dangerous levels for human health by the very high concentration of nitrogen dioxide. (Photo by John Milner/SOPA Images/LightRo...
Paris: overview of the city from 'avenue d'Italie', in the 13th arrondissement (district). Overview of the city with its buildings, the skyscraper ' tour Montparnasse ' and the Eiffel Tower with a cloud of pollution over the Paris urban area. (P...
The heavy air pollution and smog, on January 4, 2019. View from the Monte dei Cappuccini on the capital of the Northern Italien region Piedmont Turin, on January 4, 2019. (Photo by Alexander Pohl/NurPhoto via Getty Images)
This picture taken on December 3, 2018 shows the parliament building surrounded by the smog covering Sofia as air pollution reaches "very unhealthy" level. (Photo by Dimitar DILKOFF / AFP) (Photo credit should read DIMITAR DILKOFF/AFP vi...
KRAKOW, POLAND - 2018/12/13: Smog is seen above the residential areas.
Today, due to the high levels of air pollution above EU norms, the air quality index (AQI) of PM 2.5 is over 163. The city council introduced free public transport for safet...
Downtown Kyiv, Ukraine, October 25, 2019. The city's authorities persuade residents of clean air and misty weather, while the Air Quality Index (for particles PM 2.5) exceeds the norm 3-4 times in different parts of Kyiv. (Photo by Sergii Kharch...
A man stops to take a picture of the Utah State Capitol (L) and buildings that are shrouded in smog in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. December 12, 2017. Sometimes during the winter, temperature inversions form in the Salt Lake Valley, when ...
Tall buildings are shrouded in smog in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. December 12, 2017. Sometimes during the winter, temperature inversions form in Salt Lake Valley, when the upper air temperature is warmer than the air on the valley floor...
A general view of buildings as smog covers the capital city of Jakarta, Indonesia, July 29, 2019 in this photo taken by Antara Foto. Picture taken July 29, 2019 Antara Foto/Indrianto Eko Suwarso/ via REUTERS ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE WAS P...
A man walks amid smog as smoke rises from chimneys in Sukhbaatar district of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia January 31, 2019. Picture taken January 31, 2019. REUTERS/B. Rentsendorj
People walk on a bridge in front of the financial district of Pudong, which is covered in smog, during a polluted day in Shanghai, China November 28, 2018. REUTERS/Aly Song TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
A man takes picture on a bridge in front of the financial district of Pudong covered in smog during a polluted day in Shanghai, China November 28, 2018. REUTERS/Aly Song